hasn’t had=has not had=present perfect tense=timeline shows it has happened before, up to, and including now (keyword=past few weeks)
He (has never been) a very successful fisherman, even though it is the only job he’s (ever had).
has never been=present perfect=timeline shows it has happened before, up to, and including now (keyword=never)
has ever had=present perfect=timeline shows it has happened before, up to, and including now (keyword=ever)
4. I do not believe that grammar can necessarily be learned through immersion. After watching the video, I recall the example that Betty Azar showed about the 18-year-old student that came to the U.S. when he was 8 years old. He went through 10 years of school, graduated high school, and then went on to college. She read a writing sample of his while showing it to the audience. The student had misspelled words and had poor grammar. She said, “Accuracy does not always just happen,” which I believe to be true. I have witnessed students getting passed along from grade to grade, even though they may not show accuracy in grammar and other subject areas as well. It is unfortunate to see students graduating high school that cannot compose a narrative. Because of their lack of skills, their future career opportunities may not happen. Later on in Betty Azar’s speech, she talked about how important it is for teachers to incorporate both communicative teaching and grammar teaching in order for L2 students to show accelerated gains in this area. Although I think it is important to provide students with hands-on activities and allow them to have meaningful conversations, it is just as important to give direct grammar instruction through mini-lessons on a daily basis, so that students do not fall behind their native speaking peers as they progress toward high school graduation.
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